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Wine was originally organized by topic so each related area of the API had its own directory. Unfortunately this didn't work out too well as Windows itself is rather badly organized, especially in the older parts, so now the Wine source tree is loosely based on the original Windows modules. Most of the source is concerned with implementing the Wine API, although there are also various tools, documentation, sample Winelib code, and code specific to the binary loader. Note that several of the libraries listed here are "stubbed out", meaning they still need to be implemented.
Overall structure
dlls/ |
DLL reimplementations (kernel32, ntdll, user32, gdiplus, etc)
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documentation/ |
some documentation
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include/ |
header files
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libs/ |
libraries and a C preprocessor
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loader/ |
the Wine program loader
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programs/ |
several utility programs (winecfg, regedit, notepad, wordpad, etc); see List of Commands
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server/ |
the wineserver
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tools/ |
various tools used to build/check Wine
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Under dlls/
Notes on Core DLLs
A few of the DLLs are particularly central to the Win32 API. As a result, some extra notes have been included for them:
- ntdll : forms the core of the Windows system. It first appeared in Windows NT, but didn't become part of the consumer-oriented versions of Windows (3.1/95/98/Me) until XP. In Windows, this has become little more than a userspace to kernelspace shim, and analogously in Wine, it's mostly an interface either to the wineserver or the underlying Unix kernel. It also contains things like the PE (EXE/DLL format) dynamic linker.
- kernel32 : mostly just forwards to ntdll in NT-based Windows, but in Windows 9x, most of the code from ntdll is here. The thinking behind this split was that NT would be able to support multiple modules for different operating system APIs, i.e. there could be a POSIX module, an OS/2 module, and kernel32 would be the Win32 module. In practice Microsoft wiped out the competition so effectively that this abstraction was never really needed or used, so in today's NT-based, Windows systems, kernel32 is mostly just a set of forwarders. In Wine, the migration of code from kernel32 to ntdll isn't finished yet so we actually have a fairly even split.
- user32 : userspace code responsible for most of the core windowing and messaging, as well as various other random things like the clipboard, networking, and a wsprintf implementation. Originally user32 was the Windows API, until it grew large enough that having multiple DLLs made more sense, thus the rather odd and unrelated collection of code in this DLL. Basically, the very old mechanisms that date from the Windows 3.1 era are likely to be either in this DLL or kernel32.
- ole32, oleaut32, rpcrt4 : together implement COM and DCOM.
Wine only DLLs under dlls/
gphoto2.ds/ |
Contains libgphoto2 based TWAIN datasource driver
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sane.ds/ |
Contains sane based TWAIN datasource driver
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winealsa.drv/ |
ALSA audio driver
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winebus.sys/ |
Wine HID plug and play backend driver
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winecoreaudio.drv/ |
CoreAudio audio driver (MacOS)
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winecrt0 |
Entry point code for all wine dlls and wine applications
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wined3d/ |
Wine internal Direct3D helper
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winegstreamer/ |
DirectShow Filter for the gstreamer framework
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winehid.drv/ |
Wine HID minidriver
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winejoystick.drv/ |
Joystick driver for WinMM
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winemac.drv/ |
macOS display driver
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winemapi/ |
Mail API support using the host email programm
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winemp3.acm/ |
MP3 support using host libraries
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wineoss.drv/ |
OSS audio driver
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wineps16.drv16/ |
16Bit Postscript printer driver
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wineps.drv/ |
Postscript printer driver
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winepulse.drv/ |
Pulseaudio audio driver
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wineqtdecoder/ |
DirectShow Filter for QuickTime toolkit (macOS)
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winex11.drv/ |
X11 display driver (Wine specific)
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16-bit DLLs under dlls/
Wine is using the special ".dll16" / ".exe16" or ".drv16" file extension for reimplemented 16Bit DLLs.
On Windows, these can be found in the "system" directory
Support libraries under dlls/
dxerr8/ |
DirectX 8 error import lib
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dxerr9/ |
DirectX 9 error import lib
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dxguid/ |
DirectX UUID import lib
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strmiids/ |
Exports class CLSIDs and interface IIDs
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uuid/ |
Windows-compatible UUID import lib
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Under libs/
libs/port/ |
portability library
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libs/wine/ |
Wine bootstrap and unicode support library
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libs/wpp/ |
C preprocessor
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Under tools/
tools/widl/ |
the IDL compiler
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tools/winapi/ |
A Win32 API checker
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tools/winebuild/ |
Wine build tool
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tools/winedump/ |
a .DLL dump utility
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tools/winegcc/ |
a MinGW command line compatible gcc wrapper
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tools/winemaker |
a Makefile generator for winelib
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tools/wmc/ |
the message compiler
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tools/wrc/ |
the resource compiler
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Under include/
include/ |
Windows standard includes
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include/ddk/ |
Windows DDK compatible headers
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include/msvcrt/ |
MSVC-compatible libc headers
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include/wine/ |
Wine-specific headers
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